Long Island Natives is the largest native plant grower on Long Island. Oil exploration, licensed by the Falkland Islands Government, remains controversial as a result of maritime disputes with Argentina. The Falkland Islands population is homogeneous, mostly descended from Scottish and Welsh immigrants who settled in the territory after 1833. The population (3,398 inhabitants in 2016)[1] consists primarily of native-born Falkland Islanders, the majority of British descent. However, profits arising from oil and gas exploration or exploitation activities in the Falkland Islands or the Designated Area are subject to Falkland Islands tax and are treated as profits of a trade carried on in the Falkland Islands … The legal term for the right of residence is "belonging to the islands". South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Timeline of the history of the Falkland Islands, Islas Malvinas: Las Malvinas y el Archipiélago Fueguino, Museo Marítimo de Ushuaia, Report by Silas Duncan, Commander U.S.S. Other ethnicities found on the island include Scandinavians, Gibraltarians, and French. [126], The primary sector of the economy accounts for most of the Falkland Islands' gross domestic product, with the fishing industry alone contributing between 50% and 60% of annual GDP; agriculture also contributes significantly to GDP and employs about a tenth of the population. [21] That new growth was supported by a thriving economy, with wool monoculture giving way to a more diversified agriculture, fisheries and tourism, augmented with services related to the military garrison as well as to the islands' role as one of the major gateways to neighbouring Antarctica. [131] Tourists, mostly cruise ship passengers, are attracted by the archipelago's wildlife and environment, as well as activities such as fishing and wreck diving; the majority find accommodation in Stanley. [86][87][88] Argentina claims that, when it achieved independence in 1816, it acquired the Falklands from Spain. 1690 was the first recorded landing on the Islands by British Captain John Strong aboard Welfare. [60] The war also left some 117 minefields containing nearly 20,000 mines of various types, including anti-vehicle and anti-personnel mines. [E] Vernet settled at the ruins of Puerto Soledad in 1826, and accumulated resources on the islands until the venture was secure enough to bring settlers and form a permanent colony. [6] The Viscount's title originates from the town of Falkland, Scotland—the town's name likely comes from a Gaelic term referring to an "enclosure" (lann),[A] but it could less plausibly be from the Anglo-Saxon term "folkland" (land held by folk-right). [145], Education in the Falkland Islands, which follows England's system, is free and compulsory for residents aged between 5 and 16 years. [84] The Falklands claim an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) extending 200 nautical miles (370 km) from its coastal baselines, based on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea; this zone overlaps with the EEZ of Argentina. [61][J] Demining operations recommenced in 2009 and were completed in October 2020. Passengers at West Point, Falkland Islands. In the Second World War, following the December 1939 Battle of the River Plate, the battle-damaged HMS Exeter steamed to the Falklands for repairs. Finally, vast Weddell Island, on the southwestern edge of the Falklands, has most of the Falklands’ bird species, including all the penguins, as well as visiting birds from South America.The island is also home to Patagonian foxes. [53] The sovereignty dispute intensified during the 1960s, shortly after the United Nations passed a resolution on decolonisation which Argentina interpreted as favourable to its position. There are several key factors which threaten the Falkland Island native flora: Agriculture: the unsustainable management of sheep (introduced in the 1860s) is widely cited as a cause for the decline in many taxa in the Falklands. A specific regional aspect of identity is the human relationship the Islanders traditionally maintain with Chile and Uruguay,[29] and the well-known Islander rejection of the Argentine sovereignty claim: In the Falkland Islands a national identity dynamic also exists: it is constructed upon the Islanders' desire not to deal with Argentina. [M] A 2012 report counted 1,300 uniformed personnel and 50 British Ministry of Defence civil servants present in the Falklands. Falkland Islands profile. [5] The name "Falkland" was applied to the channel by John Strong, captain of an English expedition that landed on the islands in 1690. About this time, it was estimated that one third of the Falklands' population belonged to the Presbyterian church. Both Stanley and the surrounding countryside bear scars from the war. [118], The Falkland Islands population is homogeneous, mostly descended from Scottish and Welsh immigrants who settled in the territory after 1833. Under the British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983, Falkland Islanders are British citizens. [49] The high cost of importing materials, combined with the shortage of labour and consequent high wages, meant the ship repair trade became uncompetitive. [45] Early in its history, Stanley had a negative reputation due to cargo-shipping losses; only in emergencies would ships rounding Cape Horn stop at the port. [147], The islands have two weekly newspapers: Teaberry Express and The Penguin News,[148] and television and radio broadcasts generally feature programming from the United Kingdom. This page was last edited on 7 March 2021, at 14:26. Where to have the best birding experiences in the Falklands. [127], The port settlement of Stanley has regained the islands' economic focus, with an increase in population as workers migrate from Camp. Following the abandonment of the archipelago by the Spanish authorities in 1811, the only inhabitants of the islands were people who in their various capacities travelled back and forth, carried out a variety of commercial and shipping activities, sought refuge there, and through various efforts attempted to colonize the islands. https://www.tripadvisor.ca/Attractions-g294270-Activities-Falkland_Islands.html First claimed by Britain in 1765, the British, French and Spanish periodically had garrisons in the Islands until 1811, when all the garrisons were withdrawn. The Fantastic Falkland Islands Animals. The islands' population is down 4% … [4] The average number of English and American sealing vessels operating in the area is estimated between 40 and 50[5] meaning that several hundred to 1,000 sealers were involved. The principal islands are about 300 miles (483 kilometres) east of South America's southern Patagonian coast and about 752 miles (1,210 kilometres) from the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, at a latitude of about 52°S. [89][98][99], The Falkland Islands have a land area of 4,700 square miles (12,000 km2) and a coastline estimated at 800 miles (1,300 km). [27] Amid the British invasions of the Río de la Plata during the Napoleonic Wars in Europe, the islands' governor evacuated the archipelago in 1806; Spain's remaining colonial garrison followed suit in 1811, except for gauchos and fishermen who remained voluntarily. The mainland South American-born Falkland Islanders contributed to shaping the Falklander identity in the 1830s–1850s, and nowadays their legacy is visible in Falklands genealogy, Falklands English vernacular, and Falklands toponymy. Penguins, seals, and whales are just some animals that can be found on the Falkland Islands. [20], The Falklands remained uninhabited until the 1764 establishment of Port Louis on East Falkland by French captain Louis Antoine de Bougainville and the 1766 foundation of Port Egmont on Saunders Island by British captain John MacBride.
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